Html Attributes HTML tags can contain one or more attributes. Attributes are added to a tag to provide the browser with more information about how the tag should appear or behave. Attributes consist of a name and a value separated by an equals (=) sign.
Example
Consider this example:
<body style="background-color:orange">
OK, we've already seen the body tag in previous lessons, but this time we can see that something extra has been added to the tag - an attribute. This particular attribute statement, style="background-color:orange", tells the browser to style the body element with a background color of orange.
The browser knows to make the background color orange because we are using standard HTML tags and attributes (along with standard Cascading Style Sheets code) for setting the color.
Another Example
Here's another example of adding an attribute to an HTML tag. In this example, we use the <a> tag to create a hyperlink to a web page at another website.
<a href="http://www.mp3down.wap.sh">HTML links</a> Html Colors In HTML, colors can be added by using the style attribute. You can specify a color name (eg, blue), a hexadecimal value (eg, #0000ff), or an RGB value (eg rgb(0,0,255)).
Syntax
Foreground Color
To add color to an HTML element, you use style="color:{color}", where {color} is the color value. For example:
HTML Colors
This results in:
HTML Colors
Background Color
To add a background color to an HTML element, you use style="background-color:{color}", where {color} is the color value. For example:
HTML Colors
This results in:
HTML Colors
Border Color
To add a colored border to an HTML element, you use style="border:{width} {color} {style}", where {width} is the width of the border, {color} is the color of the border, and {style} is the style of the border. For example:
HTML Colors
This results in:
HTML Colors
Color Names
The most common methods for specifying colors are by using the color name or the hexadecimal value. Although color names are easier to remember, the hexadecimal values and RGB values provides you with more color options.
Hexadecimal values are a combination of letters and numbers. The numbers go from 0 - 9 and the letters go from A to F. When using hexadecimal color values in your HTML/CSS, you preceed the value with a hash (#). Although hexadecimal values may look a little weird at first, you'll soon get used to them.
There are 16 color names (as specified in the HTML 4.0 specification). The chart below shows these color names and their corresponding hexadecimal value.
Color Color Name Hexadecimal Value Color Color Name Hexadecimal Value
Black #000000 Green #008000
Silver #c0c0c0 Lime #00ff00
Gray #808080 Olive #808000
White #ffffff Yellow #ffff00
Maroon #800000 Navy #000080
Red #ff0000 Blue #0000ff
Purple #800080 Teal #008080
Fushia #ff00ff Aqua #00ffff
You can make up your own colors by simply entering any six digit hexadecimal value (preceeded by a hash). In the following example, we're using the same code as above. The only difference is that, instead of using "blue" as the value, we're using its hexadecimal equivalent (which is #0000ff):
HTML Colors
This results in:
HTML Colors
If we wanted to change to a deeper blue, we could change our hexadecimal value slightly, like this:
HTML Colors
This results in:
HTML Colors
Choosing Colors - The Easy Way
By using hexadecimal or RGB color values, you have a choice of over 16 million different colors. You can start with 000000 and increment by one value all the way up to FFFFFF. Each different value represents a slightly different color.
But don't worry - you won't need to remember every single hexadecimal color! The HTML color picker and color chart make it easy for you to choose colors for your website.Html Links Links, otherwise known as hyperlinks, are defined using the <a> tag - otherwise known as the anchor element.
To create a hyperlink, you use the a tag in conjunction with the href attribute (href stands for Hypertext Reference). The value of the href attribute is the URL, or, location of where the link is pointing to.
Example HTML Code:
More downloads here:
<a href="http://www.mp3down.wap.sh/">Mp3down</a>
The result is More downloads here:
Mp3down Hypertext references can use absolute URLS, relative URLs, or root relative URLs.
absolute
This refers to a URL where the full path is provided. For example, http://www.mp3down.wap.sh
relative
This refers to a URL where only the path, relative to the current location, is provided. For example, if we want to reference the http://mp3dowdown.wap.sh.cfm URL, and our current location is http://www.mp3down.wa.sh/html, we would use /index.cfm
root relative
This refers to a URL where only the path, relative to the domain's root, is provided. For example, if we want to reference the http://www.mp3down.wa.sh/index.cfm URL, and the current location is http://www.mp3down.wap.sh/html, we would use /html/tutorial/index.cfm. The forward slash indicates the domain's root. This way, no matter where your file is located, you can always use this method to determine the path, even if you don't know what the domain name will eventually be.
Link Targets
You can nominate whether to open the URL in a new window or the current window. You do this with the target attribute. For example, target="_blank" opens the URL in a new window.
The target attribute can have the following possible values:
_blank Opens the URL in a new browser window.
_self Loads the URL in the current browser window.
_parent Loads the URL into the parent frame (still within the current browser window). This is only applicable when using frames.
_top Loads the URL in the current browser window, but cancelling out any frames. Therefore, if frames were being used, they aren't any longer.
Example HTML Code:
Check out this
<a href="http://mp3down.wap.sh/freetext_2" target="_blank">freetext_2</a>
The result is: Check out this
freetext_2Named Anchors
You can make your links "jump" to other sections within the same page. You do this with named anchors.
To use named anchors, you need to create two pieces of code - one for the hyperlink (this is what the user will click on), and one for the named anchor (this is where they will end up).
This page uses a named anchor. I did this by performing the steps below:
I created the named anchor first (where the user will end up)
Example HTML Code:
<h2>Link Targets<a name="link_targets"></a></h2>
I then created the hyperlink (what the user will click on). This is done by linking to the name of the named anchor. You need to preceed the name with a hash (#) symbol.
Example HTML Code:
<a href="#link_targets">Link Targets</a> When you click on the above link, this page should jump up to the "Link Targets" section (above). You can either use your back button, or scroll down the page to get back here.
You're back? Good, now lets move on to email links.
Email Links
You can create a hyperlink to an email address. To do this, use the mailto attribute in your anchor tag.
Example HTML Code:
<a href="mailto:mp3down@example.com">Contact Us</a>
This results in: Contact UsClicking on this link should result in your default email client opening up with the email address already filled out.
You can go a step further than this. You can auto-complete the subject line for your users, and even the body of the email. You do this appending subject and body parameters to the email address.
Example HTML Code:
<a href="mailto:mp3down@example.com?subject=Question&body=Hey there">My Email</a>
This results in: My Email[1][2][3][4]
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